California Assessment of Student Performance and Progress (CAASPP) English Practice Exam 2026 - Free CAASPP English Practice Questions and Study Guide

In an argumentative essay, the use of the signal word "argue" clearly points to the intention of presenting a particular stance on a contentious issue. This word signifies that the writer is not merely providing information or recounting facts but is actively engaging in a debate, advocating for their viewpoint, and challenging opposing perspectives.

In contrast, the other words listed—"describe," "explain," and "summarize"—focus on conveying information or providing clarification without suggesting a position on an issue. "Describe" involves detailing characteristics or features, "explain" aims at making something clear by outlining the reasons or mechanisms behind a concept, and "summarize" means to express the main points in a condensed form. None of these imply the persuasive or argumentative nature that "argue" does, which is why it stands out as the correct choice for indicating an argumentative essay.